Everything about King Of Romania totally explained
King of the Romanians (Romanian:
Regele Românilor) rather than
King of Romania (Romanian:
Regele României) was the official title of the ruler of the
Kingdom of Romania from 1881 until 1947 when
Romania was proclaimed a
republic.
The state had been called the
Principality of Romania since 1862, after the
Ottoman vasal states of
Wallachia and
Moldavia had been united in 1859 under
Alexander John Cuza as
Prince of Romania, or
Domnitor. Cuza had become the prince of the separate principalities in 1859. He was deposed in 1866 by the Romanian parliament which then invited a
German prince of the
Hohenzollern family,
Carol (Charles) of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, to become the new Prince of Romania.
Romania's independence from the
Ottoman Empire was recognized in 1878 at the
Congress of Berlin; the principality became a sovereign
kingdom in 1881, with Prince Carol as King Carol I.
Romania was a
constitutional monarchy for most of its existence as a kingdom with the exception of 1938-1944, during the dictatorships of
Carol II (1938-1940) and of Marshal
Ion Antonescu (1940-1944). On
August 23,
1944, King Michael restored the last democratic royal Constitution of 1923. However, during his second reign (1940-1947), King Michael reigned as an unconstitutional king, without an oath on the Constitution and without a vote of the Parliament, initially suspended and reinstated only later, in 1946. Michael was instead crowned and anointed King by the
Orthodox Patriarch of Romania,
Nicodim Munteanu, in the
Patriarchal Cathedral of
Bucharest, on the very day of his second accession,
September 6,
1940. Michael, thus, reigned the second time as an
absolute, unconstitutional King, solely "by the Grace of God"
In 1927, King
Ferdinand died and left the country to Prince
Mihai despite Carol being his father. Carol had no desire to rule Romania, and was frequently out of the country exploring the rest of Europe with his mistress. Mihai's first rule of two would be short lived at a span of only three years until his father came back to accept the title at the behest of dissatisfied politicians.
After ten years of rule,
King Carol II gave up his royal title and all accoutrements attached to move from Romania and marry
Elena Lupescu. They ultimately settled in
Portugal, and the 'playboy king' was never called back to Romania.
Mihai's short years were about to seem much longer as 1944 brought the Soviet forces close to the east of Romania. Despite being polically aligned with the Allied forces after withdrawing Romania from its alliance with the Nazis due to the
Ion Antonescu's politics, the Soviet occupation soon began. In December of 1947 the communists announced the abolition of the monarchy, so Mihai abdicated and left the country.
After the fall of communism in 1989 Mihai visited Romania to some of the largest crowds recorded in the streets of
Bucharest.
List of Kings of the Romanians (1881-1947)
List of rulers of Wallachia,
List of rulers of Moldavia and
List of rulers of Transylvania. See
Presidents of Romania for the list of presidents after 1947.
Footnotes
Further Information
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